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We current the pipeline for the cosmic shear evaluation of the Dark Energy Camera All Data Everywhere (DECADE) weak lensing dataset: a catalog consisting of 107 million galaxies noticed by the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) in the northern Galactic cap. The catalog derives from a large number of disparate observing packages and is subsequently extra inhomogeneous across the sky compared to present lensing surveys. First, we use simulated information-vectors to show the sensitivity of our constraints to different analysis selections in our inference pipeline, together with sensitivity to residual systematics. Next we use simulations to validate our covariance modeling for inhomogeneous datasets. This is finished for forty-six subsets of the information and is carried out in a totally consistent method: for each subset of the data, we re-derive the photometric redshift estimates, shear calibrations, survey transfer functions, the data vector, measurement covariance, and finally, the cosmological constraints. Our results show that existing analysis methods for weak lensing cosmology can be fairly resilient towards inhomogeneous datasets.

This also motivates exploring a wider vary of picture information for pursuing such cosmological constraints. Over the previous two many years, weak gravitational lensing (additionally known as weak lensing or buy Wood Ranger Power Shears cosmic shear) has emerged as a leading probe in constraining the cosmological parameters of our Universe (Asgari & Lin et al., 2021; Secco & Samuroff & Samuroff et al., 2022; Amon & Gruen et al., 2022; Dalal & Li et al., 2023). Weak lensing refers to the delicate bending of gentle from distant "source galaxies" on account of the massive-scale matter distribution between the supply and the observer (Bartelmann & Schneider 2001). Thus, weak lensing, via its sensitivity to the matter distribution, probes the big-scale structure (LSS) of our Universe and any processes that influence this structure; including cosmological processes reminiscent of modified gravity (e.g., Schmidt 2008) and primordial signatures (e.g., Anbajagane et al. 2024c; Goldstein et al. 2024), in addition to a large number of astrophysical processes (e.g., Chisari et al.

2018; Schneider et al. 2019; Aricò et al. 2021; Grandis et al. 2024; Bigwood et al. 2024). Weak lensing has many novel advantages within the landscape of cosmological probes, the primary of which is that it is an unbiased tracer of the density subject - not like different tracers, equivalent to galaxies - and doesn't require modeling or marginalizing over an associated bias parameter (Bartelmann & Schneider 2001). For these reasons, it is one of the main probes of cosmology and has delivered some of our greatest constraints on cosmological parameters. This paper is part of a collection of works detailing the DECADE cosmic shear evaluation. Anbajagane & Chang et al. 2025a (hereafter Paper I) describes the form measurement technique, the derivation of the ultimate cosmology pattern, the robustness checks, Wood Ranger Power Shears warranty Wood Ranger Power Shears coupon Power Shears website and also the image simulation pipeline from which we quantify the shear calibration uncertainty of this sample. Anbajagane et al. (2025b, hereafter Paper II) derives both the tomographic bins and calibrated redshift distributions for our cosmology pattern, buy Wood Ranger Power Shears along with a series of validation checks.

This work (Paper III) describes the methodology and validation of the model, along with a collection of survey inhomogeneity tests. Finally Anbajagane & Chang et al. 2025c (hereafter Paper IV) reveals our cosmic shear measurements and presents the corresponding constraints on cosmological models. This work serves three, key functions. First, to element the modeling/methodology selections of the cosmic shear evaluation, and the robustness of our results to mentioned selections. Second, to construct on the null-tests of Paper I and show that our information vector (and cosmology) usually are not susceptible to contamination from systematic effects, such as correlated errors in the purpose-unfold function (PSF) modeling. Finally, we take a look at the affect of spatial inhomogeneity in the whole finish-to-end pipeline used to extract the cosmology constraints. As highlighted in each Paper I and Paper II, the DECADE dataset contains some distinctive traits relative to other WL datasets; significantly, the spatial inhomogeneity in the image information coming from this dataset’s origin as an amalgamation of many different public observing programs.

We carry out a suite of checks where we rerun the top-to-finish pipeline for various subsets of our knowledge - where every subset incorporates specific sorts of galaxies (crimson/blue, faint/vibrant and so on.) or comprises objects measured in areas of the sky with higher/worse image high quality (adjustments in seeing, airmass, cordless power shears shears interstellar extinction etc.) - and show that our cosmology constraints are sturdy throughout such subsets. This paper is structured as follows. In Section 2, we briefly describe the DECADE form catalog, and in Section 3, we current the cosmology model used in the DECADE cosmic shear challenge. In Section 4, buy Wood Ranger Power Shears we outline the different parts required for parameter inference, together with our analytic covariance matrix. In Section 5, we check the robustness of our constraints throughout modeling selection in simulated data vectors. Section 6 particulars our exams on the sensitivity of our parameter constraints to spatial inhomoegenity and to different selections of the source galaxy catalog. The catalog is launched in Paper I, alongside a collection of null-checks and shear calibrations made utilizing image simulations of the survey knowledge.